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Fate mapping of single NK cells identifies a type 1 innate lymphoid-like lineage that bridges innate and adaptive recognition of viral infection.
Flommersfeld, Sophie Böttcher, Jan P Ersching, Jonatan Flossdorf, Michael Meiser, Philippa Pachmayr, Ludwig O Leube, Justin Hensel, Inge Jarosch, Sebastian Zhang, Qin
Flommersfeld, Sophie
Böttcher, Jan P
Ersching, Jonatan
Flossdorf, Michael
Meiser, Philippa
Pachmayr, Ludwig O
Leube, Justin
Hensel, Inge
Jarosch, Sebastian
Zhang, Qin
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2021-08-20
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Upon viral infection, natural killer (NK) cells expressing certain germline-encoded receptors are selected, expanded, and maintained in an adaptive-like manner. Currently, these are thought to differentiate along a common pathway. However, by fate mapping of single NK cells upon murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection, we identified two distinct NK cell lineages that contributed to adaptive-like responses. One was equivalent to conventional NK (cNK) cells while the other was transcriptionally similar to type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s). ILC1-like NK cells showed splenic residency and strong cytokine production but also recognized and killed MCMV-infected cells, guided by activating receptor Ly49H. Moreover, they induced clustering of conventional type 1 dendritic cells and facilitated antigen-specific T cell priming early during MCMV infection, which depended on Ly49H and the NK cell-intrinsic expression of transcription factor Batf3. Thereby, ILC1-like NK cells bridge innate and adaptive viral recognition and unite critical features of cNK cells and ILC1s.
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Immunity. 2021 Aug 20:S1074-7613(21)00332-0. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.08.002. Epub ahead of print.
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en
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1097-4180
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Attribution 4.0 International