Upon intranasal vesicular stomatitis virus infection, astrocytes in the olfactory bulb are important interferon Beta producers that protect from lethal encephalitis.
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Authors
Detje, Claudia NLienenklaus, Stefan
Chhatbar, Chintan
Spanier, Julia
Prajeeth, Chittappen K
Soldner, Claudia
Tovey, Michael G
Schlüter, Dirk
Weiss, Siegfried
Stangel, Martin
Kalinke, Ulrich
Issue Date
2015-03-01
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Previously we found that following intranasal (i.n.) infection with neurotropic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) type I interferon receptor (IFNAR) triggering of neuroectodermal cells was critically required to constrain intracerebral virus spread. To address whether locally active IFN-β was induced proximally, we studied spatiotemporal conditions of VSV-mediated IFN-β induction. To this end, we performed infection studies with IFN-β reporter mice. One day after intravenous (i.v.) VSV infection, luciferase induction was detected in lymph nodes. Upon i.n. infection, luciferase induction was discovered at similar sites with delayed kinetics, whereas on days 3 and 4 postinfection enhanced luciferase expression additionally was detected in the foreheads of reporter mice. A detailed analysis of cell type-specific IFN-β reporter mice revealed that within the olfactory bulb IFN-β was expressed by neuroectodermal cells, primarily by astrocytes and to a lesser extent by neurons. Importantly, locally induced type I IFN triggered distal parts of the brain as indicated by the analysis of ISRE-eGFP mice which after i.n. VSV infection showed enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) expression throughout the brain. Compared to wild-type mice, IFN-β(-/-) mice showed increased mortality to i.n. VSV infection, whereas upon i.v. infection no such differences were detected highlighting the biological significance of intracerebrally expressed IFN-β. In conclusion, upon i.n. VSV instillation, IFN-β responses mounted by astrocytes within the olfactory bulb critically contribute to the antiviral defense by stimulating distal IFN-β-negative brain areas and thus arresting virus spread.Citation
Upon intranasal vesicular stomatitis virus infection, astrocytes in the olfactory bulb are important interferon Beta producers that protect from lethal encephalitis. 2015, 89 (5):2731-8 J. Virol.Affiliation
Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.Journal
Journal of virologyPubMed ID
25540366Type
ArticleLanguage
enISSN
1098-5514ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1128/JVI.02044-14
Scopus Count
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