Non-animal models of epithelial barriers (skin, intestine and lung) in research, industrial applications and regulatory toxicology.
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Authors
Gordon, SarahDaneshian, Mardas
Bouwstra, Joke
Caloni, Francesca
Constant, Samuel
Davies, Donna E
Dandekar, Gudrun
Guzman, Carlos A
Fabian, Eric
Haltner, Eleonore
Hartung, Thomas
Hasiwa, Nina
Hayden, Patrick
Kandarova, Helena
Khare, Sangeeta
Krug, Harald F
Kneuer, Carsten
Leist, Marcel
Lian, Guoping
Marx, Uwe
Metzger, Marco
Ott, Katharina
Prieto, Pilar
Roberts, Michael S
Roggen, Erwin L
Tralau, Tewes
van den Braak, Claudia
Walles, Heike
Lehr, Claus-Michael
Issue Date
2015
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Models of the outer epithelia of the human body - namely the skin, the intestine and the lung - have found valid applications in both research and industrial settings as attractive alternatives to animal testing. A variety of approaches to model these barriers are currently employed in such fields, ranging from the utilization of ex vivo tissue to reconstructed in vitro models, and further to chip-based technologies, synthetic membrane systems and, of increasing current interest, in silico modeling approaches. An international group of experts in the field of epithelial barriers was convened from academia, industry and regulatory bodies to present both the current state of the art of non-animal models of the skin, intestinal and pulmonary barriers in their various fields of application, and to discuss research-based, industry-driven and regulatory-relevant future directions for both the development of new models and the refinement of existing test methods. Issues of model relevance and preference, validation and standardization, acceptance, and the need for simplicity versus complexity were focal themes of the discussions. The outcomes of workshop presentations and discussions, in relation to both current status and future directions in the utilization and development of epithelial barrier models, are presented by the attending experts in the current report.Citation
Non-animal models of epithelial barriers (skin, intestine and lung) in research, industrial applications and regulatory toxicology. 2015, 32 (4):327-78 ALTEXAffiliation
Helmholtz-Institut für Pharmazeutische Forschung Saarland, Universitätscampus E8.1,56123 Saarbrücken, Germany.Journal
ALTEXPubMed ID
26536291Type
ArticleLanguage
enISSN
1868-596XThe following license files are associated with this item:
- Creative Commons
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/