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    Bacterioplankton Biogeography of the Atlantic Ocean: A Case Study of the Distance-Decay Relationship.

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    Authors
    Milici, Mathias
    Tomasch, Jürgen
    Wos-Oxley, Melissa L
    Decelle, Johan
    Jáuregui, Ruy
    Wang, Hui
    Deng, Zhi-Luo
    Plumeier, Iris
    Giebel, Helge-Ansgar
    Badewien, Thomas H
    Wurst, Mascha
    Pieper, Dietmar H
    Simon, Meinhard
    Wagner-Döbler, Irene
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    Issue Date
    2016
    
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    Abstract
    In order to determine the influence of geographical distance, depth, and Longhurstian province on bacterial community composition and compare it with the composition of photosynthetic micro-eukaryote communities, 382 samples from a depth-resolved latitudinal transect (51°S-47°N) from the epipelagic zone of the Atlantic ocean were analyzed by Illumina amplicon sequencing. In the upper 100 m of the ocean, community similarity decreased toward the equator for 6000 km, but subsequently increased again, reaching similarity values of 40-60% for samples that were separated by ~12,000 km, resulting in a U-shaped distance-decay curve. We conclude that adaptation to local conditions can override the linear distance-decay relationship in the upper epipelagial of the Atlantic Ocean which is apparently not restrained by barriers to dispersal, since the same taxa were shared between the most distant communities. The six Longhurstian provinces covered by the transect were comprised of distinct microbial communities; ~30% of variation in community composition could be explained by province. Bacterial communities belonging to the deeper layer of the epipelagic zone (140-200 m) lacked a distance-decay relationship altogether and showed little provincialism. Interestingly, those biogeographical patterns were consistently found for bacteria from three different size fractions of the plankton with different taxonomic composition, indicating conserved underlying mechanisms. Analysis of the chloroplast 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that phytoplankton composition was strongly correlated with both free-living and particle associated bacterial community composition (R between 0.51 and 0.62, p < 0.002). The data show that biogeographical patterns commonly found in macroecology do not hold for marine bacterioplankton, most likely because dispersal and evolution occur at drastically different rates in bacteria.
    Citation
    Bacterioplankton Biogeography of the Atlantic Ocean: A Case Study of the Distance-Decay Relationship. 2016, 7:590 Front Microbiol
    Affiliation
    Helmholtzzentrum für Infektionsforschung, 38124 Braunschweig
    Journal
    Frontiers in microbiology
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10033/617683
    DOI
    10.3389/fmicb.2016.00590
    PubMed ID
    27199923
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    1664-302X
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.3389/fmicb.2016.00590
    Scopus Count
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    publications of the research group microbial communication (KOM)

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