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dc.contributor.authorRamli, Siti Roszilawati
dc.contributor.authorBunk, Boyke
dc.contributor.authorSpröer, Cathrin
dc.contributor.authorGeffers, Robert
dc.contributor.authorJarek, Michael
dc.contributor.authorBhuju, Sabin
dc.contributor.authorGoris, Marga
dc.contributor.authorMustakim, Sahlawati
dc.contributor.authorPessler, Frank
dc.date.accessioned2021-11-08T13:52:26Z
dc.date.available2021-11-08T13:52:26Z
dc.date.issued2021-09-15
dc.identifier.citationPathogens. 2021 Sep 15;10(9):1198. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10091198.en_US
dc.identifier.issn2076-0817
dc.identifier.pmid34578230
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/pathogens10091198
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10033/623089
dc.description.abstractThe ability of Leptospirae to persist in environments and animal hosts but to cause clinically highly variable disease in humans has made leptospirosis the most common zoonotic disease. Considering the paucity of data on variation in complete genomes of human pathogenic Leptospirae, we have used a combination of Single Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) and Illumina sequencing to obtain complete genome sequences of six human clinical L. interrogans isolates from Malaysia. All six contained the larger (4.28-4.56 Mb) and smaller (0.34-0.395 Mb) chromosome typical of human pathogenic Leptospirae and 0-7 plasmids. Only 24% of the plasmid sequences could be matched to databases. We identified a chromosomal core genome of 3318 coding sequences and strain-specific accessory genomes of 49-179 coding sequences. These sequences enabled detailed genomic strain typing (Genome BLAST Distance Phylogeny, DNA-DNA hybridization, and multi locus sequence typing) and phylogenetic classification (whole-genome SNP genotyping). Even though there was some shared synteny and collinearity across the six genomes, there was evidence of major genome rearrangement, likely driven by horizontal gene transfer and homologous recombination. Mobile genetic elements were identified in all strains in highly varying numbers, including in the rfb locus, which defines serogroups and contributes to immune escape and pathogenesis. On the other hand, there was high conservation of virulence-associated genes including those relating to sialic acid, alginate, and lipid A biosynthesis. These findings suggest (i) that the antigenic variation, adaption to various host environments, and broad spectrum of virulence of L. interrogans are in part due to a high degree of genomic plasticity and (ii) that human pathogenic strains maintain a core set of genes required for virulence.en_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherMDPIen_US
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/*
dc.subjectLeptospiraen_US
dc.subjectLeptospira interrogansen_US
dc.subjectbiomarkeren_US
dc.subjectclassificationen_US
dc.subjectgeneticsen_US
dc.subjectgenomeen_US
dc.subjectgenome rearrangementen_US
dc.subjectleptospirosisen_US
dc.subjectrfb locusen_US
dc.subjectvirulenceen_US
dc.subjectwhole genomeen_US
dc.titleComplete Genome Sequencing of Leptospira interrogans Isolates from Malaysia Reveals Massive Genome Rearrangement but High Conservation of Virulence-Associated Genesen_US
dc.typecommunicationen_US
dc.contributor.departmentCiiM, Zentrum für individualisierte Infektionsmedizin, Feodor-Lynen-Str.7, 30625 Hannover, Germany.en_US
dc.identifier.journalPathogens (Basel, Switzerland)en_US
dc.source.volume10
dc.source.issue9
refterms.dateFOA2021-11-08T13:52:27Z
dc.source.journaltitlePathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
dc.source.countrySwitzerland


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